Gurgaon, officially named Gurugram (pronunciation: [ɡʊɾʊɡɾaːm]), is a city located in the northern Indian state of Haryana. It is situated near the Delhi–Haryana border, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of the national capital New Delhi and 268 km (167 mi) south of Chandigarh, the state capital. It is one of the major satellite cities of Delhi and is part of the National Capital Region of India. As of 2011, Gurgaon had a population of 1,153,000.
Gurgaon is India’s second largest information technology hub and third largest financial and banking hub. Gurgaon is also home to India’s largest medical tourism industry. Despite being India’s 56th largest city in terms of population, Gurgaon is the 8th largest city in the country in terms of total wealth.[10] Gurgaon serves as the headquarters of many of India’s largest companies, is home to thousands of startup companies and has local offices for more than 250 Fortune 500 companies.[11] It accounts for almost 70% of the total annual economic investments in Haryana state, which has helped it become a leading hub for high-tech industry in northern India.[12] Gurgaon is categorised as very high on the Human Development Index, with an HDI of 0.889 (2017).[13] Most infrastructure in the city is made by private corporations.[citation needed]
Gurgaon’s economic growth started in the 1970s when Maruti Suzuki India Limited established a manufacturing plant and gathered pace after General Electric established its business outsourcing operations in the city in collaboration with real-estate firm DLF.[14][15] New Gurgaon, Manesar and Sohna serve as adjoining manufacturing and upcoming real estate hubs for Gurgaon. Despite rapid economic and population growth, Gurgaon continues to battle socio-economic issues, such as high-income inequality and high air pollution.[16][17] It also has a flood problem due to the limited drainage capacity.[18]
